1,2-dichloroethane in Drinking Water Information:

Properties:

1,2-dichloroethane is also known as ethylene dichloride and has the chemical formula ClCH2CH2Cl. It evaporates quickly at room temperature, is not present in nature, is pleasant smelling, and can taste slightly sweet.1 When present in water, it generally evaporates quickly into the air where it can persist for a longer period of time. In its liquid form, it is clear and colourless and has an oily appearance.

Sources:

This compound is primarily used to synthesize vinyl chloride and various plastic and vinyl materials. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a derivative of vinyl chloride, is a common material used for packaging, car parts, construction materials, furniture, and other related products.2 The most common sources of 1,2-dichloroethane contamination in drinking water are industrial spills or leaks and manufacturing plants.1

Regulations:

The limit for 1,2-dichloroethane in drinking water is 3.0 micrograms per litre (µg/L).

Health/Environmental Concerns:

1,2-dichloroethane is toxic at high concentrations and is likely carcinogenic for humans. It has been shown to cause circulatory and respiratory conditions, liver and kidney dysfunction, and neural disorders.3  

Action:

Since 1,2-dichloroethane exceedances in drinking water are primarily caused by industrial leaks, spills, and chemical manufacturing, it is most efficient to identify and treat problems at their source. However, if contamination has already occurred, a combination of packed tower aeration and treatment with granular activated carbon may be utilized to remove 1,2-dichloroethane.3 Contact your Water Services Authority if levels of are above the allowed limit or if you suspect that your water is contaminated. If drinking water makes you ill, contact a doctor right away. 

1Toxicological Profile for 1,2-dichloroethane; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Atlanta, GA, 2006. 

 2Guide to the Parameters in the European Communities. What’s in your water?; S. I. No. 278 of 2007; National Federation of Group Water Schemes: Ireland.

 3Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. 1,2-dichloroethane in Drinking Water; Vol. 2; World Health Organisation: Switzerland, 1996.